Germany - leader of Europe .

Thus, the palm in Germany, where, despite the abolition of the "Prize of heat recovery, the percentage of new car sales rose to 19.7%, equivalent to 279 thousand 725 units. Silver got the French auto market: sales of cars in this country increased by 48,5%, amounting to 216 thousand 452 units. The bronze medal was Italy with the index 182 thousand 976 vehicles sold. Increase amounted to 31,2%. The following car market of England - in November, sales grew by 57,6%, there were 82 sold 158 thousand units. Closes five leaders of the European automobile market Russia. Sales in the neighboring country amounted to 105 thousand 302 vehicles, which is 46% lower than in October. As for the results of the past 11 months of 2009, the leadership among the automobile market of Europe belongs to the same countries. Germany - absolute leader. Rate of sales of new cars in this country amounted to 3 million 591 thousand 611 units. In the second placed France, 2 million 40 thousand vehicles in the third - Italy, 2 million 19 thousand cars in the fourth - United Kingdom, 1 million 855 thousand vehicles, and in fifth place - Russia, 1 million 337 thousand cars.

Gokhran Central Bank sold gold at one billion dollars.

Bank of Russia bought Gokhran 30 tons of gold. The deal amounted to about a billion dollars. The Finance Ministry noted that the gold stored in Gohrane and bought the CBR, "the same number in gold reserves. Therefore, as a result of the transaction volume of gold in reserves is not reduced, and the budget will receive additional funds. In early November, as noted by the agency Reuters, the international reserves of the Central Bank held 19.5 million ounces (approximately 606 tons) of gold. The world market price of ounces of gold on December 21 is just over 1113 dollars. In early December, the value of the precious metal reached a record, surpassing the 1,226 dollars per ounce. In November, Central Bank First Deputy Chairman Alexei Ulyukayev said that the Bank of Russia is ready to buy gold from Gokhran at market prices. Earlier, Russia's finance minister Alexei Kudrin said that the proceeds of the gold funds may be used to buy other resources, including diamonds from Alrosa. Gokhran, an agency under the Ministry of Finance, buying precious metals and dragkamni in State of Russia and sell them. The volume of its reserves are state secrets

Apple may announce defaulted Megafon under a contract to buy iPhone .

Apple Sales International Company may declare defaulted cellular operator "MegaFon" by contract to purchase Megafon smartphone for iPhone sales in Russia, reports Prime-TASS ". In August 2008, "Megafon" made with apple Sales International and the Irish "daughter" apple Sales International. agreement to acquire 1 million iPhone units for resale in Russia for 2 years. Up to 4 th quarter of 2008, including "Megafon" comply with the terms of the number purchased by quarterly iPhone. But then "Megafon" stopped purchasing iPhone because of the inability to sell already purchased smartphones due to falling demand for them in Russia. Therefore, from January 1 to November 30, 2009 Megafon not purchased any iPhone in addition to previously purchased. In June 2009 "Megafon" written off as a loss on declining prices of iPhone 242 million rubles. Currently, Megafon is negotiating with apple to change the quarterly schedule of procurement iPhone compared to the previously agreed upon, but those negotiations have not yielded concrete results. If agreement on new supplies of iPhone will not be achieved, apple may announce defaulted Megafon to a procurement contract iPhone and sue for damages. Talks with apple to review agreements on iPhone sales are also other operators, Russia's "big three" - MTS and Vimpelcom.

"TVEL "sums up the preliminary results of foreign economic activity in 2009.

TVEL (100% subsidiary of Atomenergoprom) summarizes preliminary results of the business in 2009, and notes the key results of overseas markets, the press service of the company. In 2009, Russia's nuclear fuel manufacturer has fulfilled all contractual obligations in full before the foreign customers. The strategic plan of action TVEL "built on the principles of accounting and customer satisfaction, which once again confirms the policy of mutually beneficial cooperation. In February TVEL's long-term contracts to supply 2000 tons of fuel pellets of uranium dioxide of natural wealth for India's heavy water reactors (PHWR), as well as 58 tons of pills from the low-enriched uranium to produce fuel for 1 and 2 nuclear units TAPS reactors type BWR (boiling water reactor). Total income from these contracts for five years will be about 700 million U.S. dollars. Negotiations with Indian partners to increase co-operation, until the joint production of nuclear fuel for various types of reactors. In May of 2009 at the subsidiary TVEL "," Machine Works ", was made two thousandth fuel assembly for a Western-style reactors according to the specifications of the company AREVA NP. During the cooperation to Russia's manufacturer of fuel was not charged with any claims of quality. As a result of the 2009 meetings and talks at the leadership level TVEL - AREVA have agreed to expand cooperation in a number of new and promising projects, the practical realization of which should begin next year. In 2009, TVEL has started delivering nuclear fuel to the first unit of NPP Temelin after the adoption of CEZ solutions for early discharge of fuel from the U.S. unit. High technical and economic characteristics of Russia's fuel created the prerequisites for the adoption of CEZ solutions for early discharge of fuel from a U.S. company and the second power plant Temelin and replace them with Russia's fuel since 2011. In 2010, TVEL plans to sign contracts for the supply of fuel for full load of the unit. Management of the Slovak nuclear power plant operator has decided to conclude with TVEL's contract for the supply of fuel for power plants under construction number 3 and 4 of NPP Mochovce. Commercial contract ready for signature, the ceremony will be held early next year. Last year the company delivered a new generation of experimental fuel assemblies with improved performance at the Hungarian Paks NPP. Following the pilot operation received the approval of the Hungarian supervisory authority to transfer all the units of Paks NPP to the new fuel since 2010. In 2009 an agreement was signed on cooperation with another European operator of nuclear power for the licensing of FA-square of another country in Western Europe. Negotiations continue with other foreign partners to organize the supply of FA-square on the American and Asian markets for nuclear fuel. This year has been fully agreed upon and prepared to sign long-term contract for fuel supplies for Ukrainian nuclear power plants after 2010. The document provides for Russia's TVS at least 12 units in 10 years. Developed justification for investment purposes (OBTSIN) to draft a model of regional plant for the fabrication of fuel abroad. TVEL intends to participate in the bidding process in Ukraine at the choice of partner for the construction of the plant. In addition, Russia's nuclear fuel manufacturer has serious progress in the negotiations on this project with other European countries. Successfully being implemented license agreement on the transfer of Ukrainian production technology components FA of stainless steel. Production of the first qualifying batch is scheduled for 2010. TVEL's continued to work with the Canadian public by AECL (Atomic energy of Canada Limited) for the qualification of JSC "CSW" as a supplier of pressure pipes for water reactors CANDU. In 2010, TVEL's plans to enter the signing of a contract for the supply pipe pressure in Canada for use in upgrading technology of this type of reactor, a developer and exporter which is AECL. In 2009, also signed a contract with the South Korean company to supply KNF qualifying party tube blanks from the Korean zirconium alloy HANA.

From U.S. No one will refuse .

On Tuesday the dollar against the euro and the yen sank to its lowest level for the whole year after the British news agencies circulated information that the Arab countries and other states are considering the possibility of smooth-out of U.S. currency in payment for oil. The reason for selling was an article in the British newspaper The Independent, in which it was observed that the Arab countries, China, Russia, Japan and France are secret talks about switching from dollars to euros, yen and Chinese yuan in trading accounts. Officials mentioned in the article were made by the States or with the denial of negotiations, or said they did not have information about them. However, the denial failed to stop the sale of the dollar. After lunch at the auctions in London, the dollar fell 0.8% to 88.8 yen per dollar and the euro rose 0.7% to 1.4748 dollar per euro. If the dollar continue to fall, it could fall below the minimum in the long years of 87.11 yen per dollar and the euro will be able to develop into a two-year maximum of 1.4842 dollars per euro, reached last month. Kuwait's oil minister, Sheikh Ahmad al-Abdullah al-Sabah said that oil ministers of the Gulf States did not carry out any negotiations on this issue. "At our level, there was nothing - he said. - I do not even think about it '. Head of the Central Bank of UAE, Sultan Nasser al-Suwaidi said that his country does not intend to abandon dollar payments for oil. "No meeting was not" - he told Associated Press, adding that the dollar "will remain the currency for oil prices. An article published in The Independent, supported the existing market skepticism about the U.S. currency in favor of the euro and the yen, while the world still is an open debate on the future of the dollar as the primary global currency. Last week the International Monetary Fund data showed that the level of the dollar in total reserves of the world fell to its lowest level since 1995. Meanwhile, former United States Trade Representative Robert Zallik, managing the World Bank, warned that should not be perceived status of the U.S. currency as a tribute. "Some stories just do not stop, and that information about the probable replacement of the dollar as the main currency for oil trade - this is just another chapter in the conspiracy against the dollar, which today is the key and reserve world currency", - said Jane Foley, a researcher at Forex . com. The dollar also fell against the euro after the central bank of Australia has decided to raise interest rates, which was considered as the property market and economic recovery. New confidence in the future reduces the role of the dollar, which during the recession was considered a safe haven. Worries about the dollar is partly based on the increased budget deficits of the United States and is wasteful of monetary policy pursued by the Federal Reserve System and includes a very low refinancing rates and an increase in money supply in circulation. All these operations could weaken the U.S. currency The fact that the dollar plays the role of reserve currency and the pricing supports it, because governments and businesses to keep or buy dollars. Currency analyst at Bank of Bank of New York Mellon Neil Mellor said that the possible intention of the Gulf States to reduce its dependence on the dollar potentially very important because it concerns the dollar reserves of those countries. Any step, lowering the price of the dollar, and lowers the cost of their own huge reserves. Over the past five years, the dollar dropped significantly in comparison with its main competitors, which has led to calls to diversify foreign exchange reserves in countries such as China and Arab countries. As a result, in talking about the loss of the dollar, its role in pricing there is nothing fresh - in 2003, Russia has refused to anchor their currencies to the dollar, and instead pinned the ruble against the currency basket comprising the dollar and euro. During the last oil boom, Russia, which is one of the largest oil producers in the world, had amassed large dollar reserves. The representative of the Prime Minister of Russia Vladimir Putin, Dmitry Peskov, dismissed the newspaper article dubbed her "tiny", but confirmed a new strategy for Russia, which has the goal of increasing the number of reserve currencies, "to ease the load on a single global currency and to prevent another crisis." At the same time, China takes stake in energy and commodity companies to reduce their dependence on the dollar. Hans Redeker, currency expert bank BNP Paribas, said that Saudi Arabia has the largest oil reserves in the world would be a key country in discussing the ways in which currencies should be evaluated oil. "Investors should not forget that Saudi Arabia is interested in the fact that the United States remained strong and continued to participate in the life of the region - he says. - Abandonment of the dollar in favor of a basket of currencies would further weaken the U.S., which is contrary to the interests of Saudi Arabia.

European Neighborhood Policy (ENP).

The European Neighborhood Policy (ENP) is a new approach of the European Union's neighboring countries to strengthen relations between the EU and neighboring countries and EU cooperation on the establishment of security and prosperity, "a ring of friendly countries" on the borders of the European Union. ENP is also intended to provide the Mill-EU neighbors to closer cooperation with the EU in political, security, economy and culture. The objectives of the European Neighborhood Policy: The main objective of the ENP - share the good, the 2004 EU enlargement with neighboring countries in strengthening stability, security and welfare of all countries concerned. On the strengthening of stability and good governance in neighboring EU countries, also referred to the European Security Strategy, approved by the European Council in December 2003. The European Neighborhood Policy does not provide partner countries the prospect of joining the European Union, but also offers a privileged relationship with the EU and contributing to the achievement of the various areas of cooperation. Origin: shstoricheskoe expansion of the European Union became for him a great step towards strengthening security and increasing prosperity on the European continent, but also means a change in the external borders of the Union. These circumstances not only opened up new opportunities but also posed new challenges. European Neighborhood Policy is a response to this new situation. In March 2003 the European Commission presented its Communication "Wider Europe - Neighborhood: A new framework of relations with eastern and southern neighbors of the EU", which was first presented the principles of the new European Neighborhood Policy and the EU noted the importance of strengthening relations with neighboring countries. According to the report to assist third countries, including countries currently covered by TACIS and MEDA, the Commission proposes to create a European instrument of neighborhood. This idea was further elaborated in the statement issued in July 2003, "Towards a new instrument Neighborhood. In October 2003 the European Council welcomed the progress made in implementing this initiative and encouraged the Council and the Commission to continue this work in order to ensure an integrated balanced and proportionate approach, including the establishment of a financial instrument. In May 2004 the European Commission presented a Communication "The European Neighborhood Policy. Strategy and Country reports ", which shall include clear steps to implement the European Neighborhood Policy and the methods of spreading the benefits of EU enlargement on neighboring countries. These priorities to be included in a jointly agreed Action Plans, which represents a key policy document in strengthening relations between the EU and partner countries. Action Plans will be based on a mutual commitment to common values, mainly in the field of rule of law, good governance, human rights, including minority rights, development of good neighborly relations and market economy principles and sustainable development. It is also envisaged that partner countries commit themselves to certain essential aspects of EU external action, including, inter alia, the fight against terrorism and the proliferation of weapons of mass destruction, as well as compliance with international law and efforts to resolve conflicts. Action Plans will, however, are differentiated to reflect the current state of relations with each country, its needs and capabilities, as well as common interests. The volume and pace of development of EU relations with each partner country will depend on the degree of their commitment to common values, as well as the willingness and ability to meet agreed priorities. Action Plans will contain a number of priority objectives whose implementation is an essential element of EU relations with partners: - Political dialogue - involves issues of foreign and security policy, including regional and international issues, conflict prevention and crisis management, as well as common security threats (eg terrorism and its root causes, the proliferation of weapons of mass destruction and illegal arms exports); - The policy of economic and social development - requires a sophisticated preferential trade relations and increased financial and technical assistance. Also opens up prospects of neighboring countries in the EU internal market based on the convergence of regulatory frameworks, participate in a number of EU programs and improve communications and physical infrastructure that connects them with the EU; - Trade - provides greater market opening in accordance with the principles of WTO and EU standards; - Justice and home affairs - provides more cooperation on migration, asylum, visa policies, measures to combat terrorism, organized crime, illicit drug and arms trafficking, money laundering and financial and economic crimes. The action plans will identify specific steps to strengthen the judicial system and greater cooperation between the police and judicial cooperation, including in the area of family law, as well as cooperation between the European Union, however as Europol and Eurojust. The starting point action plans is a common set of questions that correspond to the objectives of the ENP. However, the development of action plans and agreed priorities for each country will depend on the circumstances. These circumstances include: - geographical location - political and economic situation - relations with the European Union and neighboring countries - the reform program (if applicable) - The needs and opportunities as well as those expressed in the context of the ENP. Thus, each partner will develop an individualized plan of action. The action plans will be defined the way forward for the next 3-5 years. The next step would be to negotiate a new preferential agreements - European Agreement on Neighborliness - that would replace the current generation of bilateral agreements will be reached when the priorities of action plans. Countries included in the scope of the European Neighborhood Policy: The ENP is addressed to the current neighbors of the EU, as well as those who have become closer to the EU enlargement. In Eastern Europe: Ukraine, Belarus and Moldova The EU and Russia agreed to further develop their strategic partnership through the creation of four common spaces in accordance with decisions taken at the St. Petersburg Summit in 2003. In the South Caucasus, Armenia, Azerbaijan and Georgia In the Mediterranean region: Algeria, Egypt, shzrail, shordaniya, Lebanon, Libya, Morocco, Syria, Tunisia and the Palestinian Authority

Board of Europe.

Board of Europe - Europe's oldest international political organization. Its main stated goal - building a united Europe, based on the principles of liberty, democracy, human rights and the rule of law. Despite the fact that the European flag more often associated with the EU, it was first used by the Council of Europe in 1955. Council of Europe should not be confused with the European Union: it soverienno two different organizations. One of the most significant achievements of the Council of Europe is the development and adoption of the European Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms. History Promotion Council of Europe and membership in the Organization Founded in 1949, the Council of Europe is the oldest on the continent, an international political organization. - Current members of the Council of Europe has 47 states, including 21 countries in Central and Eastern Europe. - Another State (Belarus) applied for membership in the Organization. - Observer status with the Council of Europe have 5 member (Vatican City, Canada, Mexico, United States of America and Japan). - Council of Europe should be distinguished from the European Union, which unites 25 countries, who before joining the EU were already members of the Council of Europe. - Headquarters of the Organization is in Strasbourg (France). The objectives of the Council of Europe "The purpose of the Council of Europe is to achieve greater unity between its members ..." (Article 1 of the Charter of the Council of Europe) Council of Europe was created to: - Protection of human rights, parliamentary democracy and the rule of law; - Achievement of pan-European agreements to facilitate the harmonization of social and legal practices of Member States; - Promote understanding of peoples of European identity and unity based on shared spiritual values and implied the preservation and promotion of multiculturalism. (more ...) The main organs of the Council of Europe - The Committee of Ministers - the decision-making body, which comprises foreign ministers of 47 member states of the Council of Europe, or their permanent diplomatic representatives in Strasbourg. - Parliamentary Assembly, comprising 636 members (318 representatives and 318 alternates) appointed by national parliaments. Currently chairman of the Assembly is Rene van der Linden (Netherlands, Group of the European People's Party). - Congress of Local and Regional Authorities of Europe, consisting of the Chamber of Local Authorities and the Chamber of Regions. President of the Congress is currently Halfdan Skard (Norway, SOC). - Secretariat, numbering about 1800 employees in September 2004 headed by Secretary general Terry Davis (United Kingdom), byviim Vice-Chairman of the Parliamentary Assembly and Chairman of the Socialist Group.

In Britain, will launch TV channel in three-dimensional image.

British television Sky ", part of the empire of media tycoon Rupert Murdoch, is preparing to make a mini-revolution in television broadcasting, according to Radio Mayak. It boosts the preparations for the launch of Europe's first television station in three-dimensional image in the summer of next year - just in time for World Cup 2010 in South Africa. "The channel, which we intend to run, will give British viewers a wide selection of the best programs available in three-dimensional image - feature films, entertainment and sport - said in a statement released on Sunday the company. - It will be available in the current system of high-definition television." In contrast to the three-dimensional effect in the cinema where the characters literally jump out ribbons at the viewer, the image on the TV screen as it draws the viewer inward, creating the illusion of receivers in great depth.

In Lithuania, President of the European Union abides.

Lithuanian President Dalia Grybauskaite today, 9 December, will meet with the president of the European Union Herman van Rompuy. As REGNUM News, the press service of the State, during the talks planned to discuss the institutional reform of the EU, climate change, energy policy in Europe and other priorities of the EU. "The European Union in connection with the reforms under the Lisbon treaty is going through a period of significant change. Today what processes are shaping the future of 500 million European Community. Lithuania is ready to assume an active role in implementing the necessary reforms the EU, aimed at facilitating the work of European institutions and facilitate the harmonization of the interests of Member States ", - quotes the head of Lithuania's press office dali Grybauskaite. Recall after the entry into force of the Lisbon Treaty on December 1 in the European Union were established post of EU president and EU Foreign Ministers. At the post of EU president by former Prime Minister of Belgium Herman Van Rompuy, and for the foreign policy of the EU now meets a former member of the European Commission, is British Catherine Ashton. President of the EU took office on Dec. 1, 2009.

EU Reform Treaty, Reform Treaty of the EU (Lisbon Treaty) .

The new draft treaty proposes to retain a number of key provisions of the draft European Constitution. Foremost is the establishment of the post of President of the European Council, which will be elected for two and a half years and will replace the current system of rotating presidency of the EU member states. Also, the draft treaty provides for the establishment of the High Representative of the European Union's external relations and security policy, which will connect the current functions of the High Representative for the Common vneschney and security policy (this post today is Javier Solana) and the European Commissioner for External Relations ( Benita Ferrero-Waldner). At the same time in the new draft treaty, it was decided to abandon the very concept of "EU Constitution", the state symbols of the EU (the flag and anthem) and the direct incorporation of the Charter of fundamental rights in the treaty text (second section of the draft European Constitution). The decision to effect a new treaty of the European Union was reached on June 23 at the Brussels European Council. Treaty should be a compromise between the States that have ratified the text of the European Constitution, and states, it rejected or not the process of ratification.

Lithuanian President will ask for Europe's continued financial support of energy projects .

Lithuanian President Dalia Grybauskaite today, 9 December, met with the President arrived in Lithuania EU Herman van Rompuy. As REGNUM News, the press service of the State, during the negotiations Dalia Grybauskaite said that Lithuania and more trusts for financial support of the European Union, various energy projects in Lithuania. In particular, she noted that the EU will seek to continue financial support for the closure of the Ignalina nuclear power plant and the construction elektrosmychek with the countries of Western Europe. "I would really like to see a new EU president listened to and supported the interests of Lithuania and the whole Baltic region. Most importantly, a new energy concept became a question of energy concept became energy concept became Baltics and Europe", - quotes the head of state President's press office in Lithuania . She also highlighted that one of his first visits the first president of the EU chose to Lithuania. Recall that from December 1 this year, after the entry into force of the Lisbon Treaty, established the post of President of the European Union, which won the Belgian Herman Van Rompuy.

Emirate of Abu Dhabi will provide $ 10 billion to help Dubai World .

Emirate of Abu Dhabi will provide assistance to its neighbor, Abu Dhabi and Dubai, a $ 10 billion, of which $ 4.1 billion goes to payments on the bonds unit investment fund Dubai World, the company Nakheel PJSC. The term of repayment ends today. Dubai is using the remainder of the money to pay creditors and contractors, as well as for the payment of interest until April 30, 2010 "This is a great relief for the market, strengthens the hope that there is implicit support of the Government of Dubai emirate of the corporate sector - said Jason Watts (Jason Watts), an expert from the National Australia Bank Ltd. - While the situation is not yet fully resolved, it is a step in the right direction. In November, the victim of the crisis Dubai World has requested a delay in payment of its $ 26-billion debt in connection with the slowdown in the global market. Total debt of the company amounts to $ 59 billion - roughly three-quarters of all debt of Dubai, which, unlike the neighboring emirates that do not have huge oil reserves. The Government of the emirate has refused to directly allocate money to pay for the obligations of the investment fund.

UK Press: environmentalists warn of the danger level of the world ocean "skyrockets" .

Level of the world's oceans may rise three times faster than predicted by scientists of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, the newspaper Independent. The Intergovernmental Panel considered that a century sea level rise a maximum of 59 cm, however, according to the calculations of other scientists, by 2100, this level could rise by 1.9 meters. Scientists studying the consequences of the Potsdam Institute for Climate Change and the Technological Institute in Helsinki say that sea level rises faster due to warming, especially at the poles of the Earth and the thermal expansion of the ocean. In their view, earlier studies with errors in the calculations and does not fully take into account the impact on the level of the ocean has a melting of polar ice. According to their estimates, the rise of water level could reach from 75 to 1890 cm "The data clearly show - the warmer the climate becomes, the more rapidly rising sea level", - said Dr. Stephen Ramstorf of the Potsdam Institute for studying the effects of climate change. The rise of the water at 1,9 m, writes Independent, will result in that large parts of eastern England will be flooded with the face of the earth to disappear, many small island states, and much of Bangladesh will become uninhabitable. Increase the likelihood of hurricanes, which will lead to flooding in some of the major coastal cities such as London or New York, the newspaper said, referring to environmental scientists.

Conference "Lessons of the Second World War and the Holocaust" will discuss "rehabilitation" of Nazism and collaboration .

In Berlin, 15-18 December 2009 to host international conference "Lessons of the Second World War and the Holocaust." The conference will take place in the sections: "The modern science of history about World War II and the Holocaust", "Interaction between States and NGOs in order to preserve the memory of World War II and the Holocaust," "The Truth and Lies about WWII and the Holocaust in the mirror world media" "The role of culture in preserving the truth about World War II and the Holocaust," "heroic supporters of Nazism as a base for the formation of a national idea and a tool of political struggle in the New Independent States", "Subject History of World War II and the Holocaust in the system of modern education." In the disposal of a REGNUM News entered the conference program, which is reproduced below: Oksana Salad (Ukraine): "The Jewish question in the information policy of Nazi Germany 1941-1944." AI Utkin (Ukraine): "The Soviet military-technical, material and cultural losses in Ukraine Felix Levitas (Ukraine): "Conflicting themes of history of the Second World War" Alexander Dyukov (Russia): "Anti-Semitism in the theory and practice of the OUN and UPA" Olesya Orlenko (Russia): "The general Agreement of the NKVD and Gestapo: the falsification is a form of Holocaust denial" Igor Kotler (USA): "Preserving the memory of the Holocaust and the Holocaust in the United States: The undeniable antidote to the audit of the Holocaust" Boris Kovalev (Russia): "The forms of collaboration in Russia and the Holocaust" Mikhail Nemirovsky (USA): "American Jewish non-governmental organizations in the fight against the audit results of the Second World War. The role of Russian non-governmental organizations in this process" Alex Brook-Krasny (USA): "The American public organizations and the theme of the Second World War" Abraham-Michael Grinzayd (Israel): "The work of the Union Veterans of the Second World War-fighters against Nazism in Israel to promote the contribution of Jewish soldiers in the defeat of Nazi Germany and its allies" Arkadi Monastery (Ukraine): "Characteristics of the interaction of NGOs in Ukraine with state and public organizations in preserving the memory of the Holocaust and World War II. Heroization fight against Nazi criminals through educational and cultural projects in Ukraine Mark Davidovich (USA): "Interaction between public institutions of Holocaust victims and government agencies in New York" Andrew Zarenkov (Estonia): "Promoting international organizations in combating the spread of neo-Nazi sentiments in Europe. Exposing supporters modern Legion. Confrontations audit results of the Second World War" Archimandrite Varsonofy (Carpenter) (Ukraine): "The Orthodox understanding of history. Look at fascism, its causes and consequences" Georg Lipphart (Germany): "Anti-fascism - it is not a crime but a necessity. Solidarity anti-fascists in Eastern Europe" David Curry (Germany): "New forms of germanskogo revisionism and the activity of German anti-fascists" Pastor Sergei Ryakhovsky (Russia): "Nazism and nationalism of the priests" Ilya Kabanchik (Israel): "Current status of places of mass extermination of Jews in the territory of the Right-Bank Ukraine" Eli Zarhin (Israel): "The work of NGOs in order to preserve the memory of World War II and the Holocaust with the second generation of children from Russian-speaking families in the Diaspora" Marina Solodkin (Israel): "Interaction between States and non-governmental organizations in order to preserve the memory of World War II and the Holocaust" Ruvin Schwartzman (Ukraine): "Odessa Regional Association of Jews - former prisoners of ghettos and Nazi concentration camps in the struggle against Nazism and the preservation of truth for posterity" Dmitry Stratievsky (Germany): "Ukrainian anti-Soviet formation during World War II and their significance as part of the national idea in modern Ukraine Boris Feldman (Germany): "Who really won World War II (think 70 years after September 1939)" Boris Rabiner (USA): "Truth and lies about the Second World War and the Holocaust in contemporary istorigrafii" David Meltzer (USA): "The Jewish resistance during the Holocaust in Belorussia in modern historiography" Joseph Painter (Israel): "The Jews - the commanders and commissars of partisan units and formations in the fight against Nazism during the Second World War" Moshe Kenigshteyn (Israel): "Memory of the Holocaust as the basis of Jewish identity and national unity in Israel (according to sociological studies) Svetlana Danilova (USA): "The Holocaust in the North Caucasus. Distortion of facts in the context of contemporary developments in the region" Shimon Briman (Israel): "killed - thousands of murderers - not available: the genocide of the Jews of Lviv, battalion Nachtigall" and "business Shukhevich" in the mirror of the media of Israel " Natalia Oaeueiaa (Kanev) (Israel): "Lighting is the theme of the Second World War in Israeli Hebrew and Russian-language media (the dispute about the winners): A Comparative Analysis" Boris Tenzer (USA): "Reflection of the Holocaust in the U.S. media" Arkady Brauwers (Israel): "heroic Romanian Nazi collaborators in the press of Romania and Moldova" Nina Zhukova (Russia): "Truth and lies about the Second World War in the media of Russia" Gregory Nemirovsky (Czech Republic): "The role of journalism in the preservation of the historical truth about the Second World War and the Holocaust" Meir Uziel (Israel): "The writers of Jewish history: fiction and nebelletristika" Smadar Shir (Israel): "The theme of the Holocaust in children's literature" Efraim Bauch (Israel): "The problem is the glorification of fascism and Nazism in the light of the philosophy of the 20 th century Blankets Koren-Shizgal (Israel): "The role of theater and television in the preservation of Holocaust memory in the memory of the younger generation" Mikhail Galkin (USA): "The role of contemporary art in the light of Jewish history 20 th century" Iosif Begun (Israel): "The Holocaust and national identity" Leonid Belotserkovsky (Israel): "The theme of the Holocaust in Israel's Russian-language editions of the last 20 years of" Guram Batiashvili (Georgia): "The theme of the Holocaust in fiction" Leonid Levin (Belarus): "Yama, Trostinets Khatyn - executioner and victim" Olaf Glockner (Germany): "Holocaust Denial in Iran - a view of modern Germany" Paul Field (Germany): "The denial of the Holocaust as a" Istoriomor and the International historical arbitration as a possible tool to depoliticize conflicts Isaac Neustadt (Israel): "The Holocaust eyes of American Jews during and after the Second World War" Rudolf Mirsky (Ukraine): "Lessons of the Holocaust in the context of current events in Ukraine" David Kohn (Israel): "heroic supporters of Nazism - the national humiliation of their own people" Andrew Zarenkov (Estonia): "Neo-Nazi sentiment in Estonia's ethnic hatred as a way to consolidate the radicals' Michael Greenberg (Israel): "Contemporary Literature of World War II and the Holocaust in Israel and in the countries of the former USSR" Vladimir Epstein (USA): "Dissemination of knowledge and information about the participation of Jews in the partisan movement in the occupied territory of Moldova. Facts about anti-Semitism to the participants of the partisan movement Vladimir Foygelman (USA): "Young (podrastayushee) generation, the lessons of the Holocaust, Jewish education and upbringing" Yuri Shevtsov (Belarus): "heroic collaborators in eastern Europe as a threat to European integration" Dashko Milinovich (Serbia): "heroic supporters of Nazism as a tool in political struggles of post-communist Eastern Europe" Zinovy Galinsky (USA): "The history of the destruction of the family Golinskii-Ternopil-Peltsman during the occupation of Ukraine, including Kiev and Kamenetz-Podolsk Dmitry Schiglik (USA): "Influence of distortion of the history of the Second World War and Holocaust denial on the growth of anti-Semitism and antiizrailizma in modern history" Izzy Katsap (USA): "The Holocaust of the witnesses and victims" Gregory Pasternak (Netherlands): "Countering the glorification of Nazism in the example of the Netherlands" Gregory Reichman (Israel): "The theme of the Holocaust and the heroism of European Jewry in the Russian media of Israel"

EBRD will invest € 1 billion in nanotech projects in Russia .

Leaders of the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development (EBRD) and the state corporation "Rosnano signed Monday a memorandum of understanding, which, inter alia, provides for joint funding of nanotechnology projects in Russia, reported in" Rosnano. The memorandum, signed by the head of Rosnano "Anatoly Chubais and general director of Bank of Russia Alan Piyyu, the priorities for co-financing identified such areas as energy efficiency and energy efficiency and, medicine, microelectronics and nanoelectronics. According to Chubais, the amount of credit - up to € 1 billion - is unprecedented in this field. In turn, Alan Piyyu noted that one of the objectives of the Bank is developing an innovative economy. "We believe that Russia has enormous scientific potential. And we hope that in the medium term, we find such projects and will fund them, "- he said

EBRD invests in Russia in 2009, about $ 4 billion .

The European Bank for Reconstruction and Development is investing in Russia in 2009, about $ 4 billion, said at the conference "Modernization of Russia's economy: the role of development institutions" EBRD President thomas Mirow. According to him, it will be investing not only in the real economy and help existing clients EBRD in the banking sector, but also in new technologies, infrastructure and energy efficiency. "The support of the development institutions will remain as important in the post-crisis recovery" - he stressed. This will require substantial capital investments, and such institutions as the EBRD, will play an important role in accelerating private investment, attracting foreign direct investment. The Bank intends, in cooperation with VEB to promote small and medium-sized enterprises in Russia. Mirow said that the strategy of cooperation with Russia in 2010-2012 years the Bank has expressed willingness to work with the government of Russia to identify those areas that would help the development of the public sector. "We are ready to watch various types of cooperation - such as co-investing with the strategic investors in the majority and minority shares in the capital, pre-privatization investments in public companies that the state intends to privatize, or investments in the IPO for the promotion of a listing on the stock market", - he said . The total investment in capital in Russia by the EBRD now exceeds $ 10 billion

Kudrin: the world's financial systems require a regulator, similar to the WTO.

World financial system in need of a regulator, similar to the WTO. This opinion was expressed Russia's finance minister Alexei Kudrin. "In trade, we have the WTO, but in the financial markets are regulated at the national level, there are requirements for individual sites, and investors are running from site to site. This creates uncertainty in financial markets ", - he said Tuesday at a conference Vnesheconombank. Therefore, Kudrin believes, the main task now - the creation of the world's financial architecture, which would take into account the state of individual world markets.

Europe suspects that in the beginning of the year it expects a new gas crisis .

In early 2010 while the European Union may be a new gas crisis similar to what happened a year ago. In any case, this possibility does not exclude the European Commissioner for energy Andris Piebalgs, "Right now, more or less clear that during the 2009 crisis will not, but for 2010 we know that there are risks," - he said at a news conference in Brussels on Monday on the basis of the next meeting of energy ministers of 27 countries of the EU. This Piebalgs noted the efforts of Russia and Ukrainian sides to prevent the emergence of a new crisis with the supply gas to Europe. Minister of the Presidency of the EU energy Maud Olofsson of Sweden, for his part, said that the EU countries are now better prepared in the event of a crisis than a year ago. "We are now better organized both within the EU and toward Russia and Ukraine, which provided us safer," - she said. In January of this year due to a commercial dispute between Russia and Ukrainian sides gas from Russia could not be delivered to consumers in the EU within two weeks. Moreover, the parties blamed each other, and what happened to the pipe in fact, impossible to say so far. We only know that because of the lack of contract "Gazprom cut off supplies to Ukraine on Jan. 1. And from January 7 completely stopped gas transit to Europe through Ukrainian territory. Transit was renewed on January 20 after agreeing on the level of Prime Ministers of Russia and Ukraine and signing of the ten-year contract between Gazprom and Naftogaz. Ukrainian authorities, for its part, officially assured the EU that will not allow destabilization in the system of European countries with natural gas and fulfill commitments on transit of Russia "blue fuel".

Cognac 18 th century was sold for € 57 thousand .

In Paris, three bottles of brandy Clos du Griffier in 1788 sold at auction for a total of € 57 thousand The brandy was in the cellars of Paris's oldest restaurant La Tour d'Argent, which has decided to sell part of its stockpile. Brandy acquired three of the buyer, they paid € 25 thousand, € 17 thousand and € 15 thousand for a bottle. One of the buyers was a British businessman of French origin Raphael Zier. "I'll drink it with family and friends. Time for I have it "- he said. In the auction house said that the cognac and interested buyers from Russia, but "the Frenchman in London could offer more money."

Japan has prepared a package of economic incentives by $ 81 billion

The Government of Japan has prepared a package of economic incentives of about $ 81 billion, the second economy in the world began to grow over the last two quarters of this year, but deflation and a strong yen threatened to stop the uncertain recovery of the Japanese economy. The stimulus package includes measures to support small and medium businesses, as well as subsidies for the purchase of energy-efficient cars and household appliances. This will further increase the public debt of the country. According to this indicator, Japan leads the Group of Seven leading industrialized countries, which also includes the U.S., Britain, Germany, Canada, France and Italy

Global warming - a "gift" "Perhaps climate warming and exacerbate the situation in the Middle East, but in Russia it will affect positively. So let's build factories and burning wood!", Calls for 45-year-old Muscovite Alexander Nikonov. Do not think it is not one of those skeptics who do not believe in global warming.

On the contrary, Alexander - one of his most active supporters. Pleased with himself and the world around him, he travels the streets of Moscow on his SUV. Two years ago, this enthusiastic science writer and journalist published a "History of the frost-bitten in the context of global warming," in which he explains to the concept of clear language of Russia climatologist Vladimir Klimenko, and tells the history of civilizations that have collapsed due to climatic vagaries of the Earth. According to Klimenko, CO2 emissions have allowed humanity to avoid a new ice age. Nikonov himself - an active critic of political correctness - said that melting ice will bring Russia a lot of money: it would pave the Northern Sea Route will provide an opportunity to save on heating costs ( "Instead of spending billions on winter heating homes, it will be possible to sell more oil) and melt the permafrost, releasing an enormous amount of arable land. He sees in the warming and the benefit of all the earth: more land, more than unsalted water, more crops. "Climatic warming - a gift which the Western left-liberal bourgeoisie does not want to take us to unknown reasons. Europe wants to improve life on the planet, but our worse!" The main target of criticism Nikonov is exactly Old World, because in the U.S. is still enough Republicans to oppose the Kyoto Protocol and other conferences on climate. "Europe is simply sick thirst to save the whales, blacks in Africa or the islands, which would flood from melting ice. When people live in comfortable conditions, they begin to poke their noses into other people's problems." Growing up in the USSR Nikonov with a similar problem does not occur. Throughout his life he lived in an industrial area in the east of the capital and, if not for restructuring, and remained a metallurgical engineer. Like many of his countrymen, he believes that Europeans are simply "crazy about ecology", moreover, that the environmental situation they are much better. He admits, however, that he would in the future to buy a house in the "clean" quarter with clean air, for which is now being actively fought the Muscovites. But there is no contradiction here, he does not find: in the end, thanks to warming in Russia will soon be enough room for all.

The countries of Europe and the CIS more than other regions hit by the global economic crisis

Countries in Europe and the CIS more than other regions hit by the global economic crisis, which led to slower economic growth and has become a threat to the achievements of the past decade, including in the social sphere. This statement was made by UN Assistant Secretary general and Director of UNDP Regional Bureau for Europe and the CIS Kori Udovicki at the UN Conference, which takes place December 7-8 in Almaty (Kazakhstan). BelTA reported Specialist Public Relations Sub-regional offices of the International Labor Organization (ILO) for the countries of Eastern Europe and Central Asia, Olga Bogdanova. The conference is organized by four UN agencies - ILO, UNICEF, FAO and UNDP - with support from the Government of Kazakhstan. It involved the Ministers of Labor and Social Welfare, the Ministries of Labor and Social Protection, Finance, Economy and Agriculture from 12 countries (Armenia, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Georgia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Moldova, Russia, Tajikistan, Turkey, Turkmenistan, Ukraine) as well as representatives of the UN system, international and regional financial institutions, bilateral agencies, international organizations of workers and employers, civil society and regional scientific community. Eastern Europe, Central Asia and Turkey remain "on the front lines" of the crisis, which resulted in the sharp decline in GDP and massive job cuts. From April 2008 to April 2009 are in Russia lost their jobs 3,4 million people. In the first quarter of this year, the unemployment rate was 10,3% of the economically active population in Ukraine and 15.8% percent in Turkey. The most serious problem of unemployment has affected youth. Lost their jobs and many migrants, in connection with which a third to reduce their remittances to their homeland. Governments of many countries in the region have taken steps to overcome the crisis and the situation on the labor market, but it is important to establish a macroeconomic framework conducive to increased investment, sustainability of enterprises and productive employment. Despite the general recognition of the role of social protection systems in the crisis period, coverage and quality of these systems in the region are inadequate and in many cases do not meet the needs of vulnerable groups. Many countries in the region have attempted to preserve funding for social services in times of crisis, but few were able to carry out a coordinated strategy for employment and social protection aimed at reducing the impact of the crisis. Needed a more flexible system of social protection that can ensure greater coverage. The conference is scheduled three technical discussions on issues of employment, social protection and food security based on materials prepared by the ILO, UNICEF and FAO.-0 -

Dubai has refused to give guarantees for the debts of Dubai World.

The Government of the Emirate of Dubai is not the guarantor of the debts of state fund Dubai World. This statement was made director of the Department of Finance Dubai Abdurahman Al Saleh (Abdulrahman Al Saleh) in an interview with state television channel, Dubai TV, reported Bloomberg. According to Al-Saleh, state fund would not receive funding under the state guarantee, as well as planned projects. Thus, the responsibility for the financial condition of the Fund are, first of all, investors. Debt Dubai World to investors is 59 billion dollars. Lenders fund are more than 70 international financial institutions, including banks Royal Bank of Scotland, HSBC Holdings, Barclays and others. Recall, 26 November Dubai appealed to investors with a request to postpone for six months payments on the obligations of Dubai World. After that, the world stock, commodity and currency markets panic, as investors viewed such a request as a default threshold of Dubai World, and possibly the beginning of the second wave of the crisis. November 28-29, the emirate's government held a series of meetings leading up to the UAE central bank announced its readiness to help Dubai. In particular, the central bank created a special program to provide liquidity.

EU to abolish visas for citizens of Macedonia, Montenegro and Serbia.

The European Union has abolished visas for citizens of Macedonia, Montenegro and Serbia. According to the EU statement released today, the decision to abolish visas with effect from 19 December 2009 Thus, the region with the EU visa regime is now maintained only for Albania and Bosnia, reports Associated Press. Citizens of the Federal Yugoslavia (Serbia, Montenegro, Croatia, Slovenia, Macedonia, Bosnia and Herzegovina) to attend the EU without visas until the collapse of the Federation in 1991 In the future, between those countries and the EU established a visa regime from the effects of which were first withdrawn Slovenia and Croatia.

Moody's retained a negative outlook for the Ukrainian banking system.

International rating agency Moody's has maintained a negative fundamental credit outlook for the Ukrainian banking sector. This is stated in a communication agency. This forecast reflects the precarious state of the fundamental credit quality of local banks in the medium term, as well as the ongoing economic and financial crisis. Experts Moody's, in particular, are concerned about declining capitalization and profitability, as a result of deterioration in asset quality and liquidity, because of declining confidence of depositors. The risks in banking activities and increasing political uncertainty and potential monetary instability. According to experts' forecasts Agency, within the next 12-18 months, changes in the Ukrainian banking system is not expected.

Prepares a list of 30 financial giants, who must make a will.

Council for financial stability (FSB), created the "big twenty" (G20) in the fight against the crisis, together with national regulators established a list of 30 major financial groups exposed to systemic risk. As the Financial Times citing well-informed persons in the list included 6 insurance companies (Axa, Aegon, Allianz, Aviva, Zurich and Swiss Re) and 24 banks from the UK, Europe, North America and Japan. The list was formed to monitor systemic risk, coordination and oversight in the case of new financial crises. These listed companies, as planned FSB, write the so-called last will (living will, a special kind of testament): their views about the liquidation in the event of another crisis. According to the publication, in the number of systemically important banks included: North America - Goldman Sachs, JP Morgan Chase, Morgan Stanley, Bank of America-Merrill Lynch, Royal Bank of Canada; United Kingdom - HSBC, Barclays, Royal Bank of Scotland, Standard Chartered; Europe - UBS, Credit Suisse, Societe General, BNP Paribas, Santander, BBVA, Unicredit, Banca Intesa, Deutsche Bank, ING; Japan - Mizuho, Sumitomo Mitsui, Nomura, mitsubishi UFJ.

TransMashHolding preparing a program for creating a new generation engine.

CJSC Transmashholding, which includes JSC "Kolomna factory" over the next three months, prepare a program to create a new generation of engines, said the head of the holding Andrew Bokarev at a meeting on the development of the company, which held in Kolomna, on Wednesday, Prime Minister Vladimir Putin of Russia . "Industrial diesel new generation is needed not only to us, it needs many industries, we understand how we are lagging behind ... We have had serious projects and relationships with relevant agencies, I think in the next three months will be understandable to the figures program which we can move on, "- said Bokarev. He expressed confidence that the factory good future. "Tough times always are - this is the economy", - added the head of the holding. Kolomna factory - one of the oldest and largest enterprises in transport engineering in Russia, is part of Transmashholding. The factory, founded in 1863, designs and manufactures passenger and freight locomotives, passenger locomotives, diesel engines and diesel generators for diesel locomotives, power plants, heavy trucks, ships.

Europe in debt from Gazprom .

Application of European companies to purchase gas from Gazprom for 10 billion cubic meters less than the amount specified in the contracts. Price not withdrawn gas is estimated at $ 2.5 billion, and Gazprom may seek to repay them, writes The Wall Street Journal. The Europeans point out that Ukraine, Russia company just the same duty European consumers this year are going to buy Russia's gas to 7% less than they are obliged under the contract. Now Gazprom may penalize buyers for $ 2.5 billion for the shortfall, which intends to do, reports The Wall Street Journal. However, Russia's gas holding will have to explain why Ukraine, a similar duty, he forgives. In the crisis had to be easy, even Russia's largest companies - gas monopoly Gazprom. Earlier this year the price of "blue fuel" have fallen off after the price of oil. In addition, the company had to reduce exports of its products. Industry in Europe during the global recession, slow down, and the need for "blue fuel" has declined. As a result, European energy companies this year bought a much less gas from Gazprom, which they were obliged under the terms of long-term contracts. Applications largest European consumers were at least 10 billion cubic meters, the newspaper The Wall Street Journal, citing a source close to Gazprom export ". It turns out that you select only 140 billion cubic meters instead of 150 billion cubic meters, ie 7% below the level of "take or pay". Price not withdrawn gas is estimated at $ 2.5 billion, and Gazprom intends to make their payment, the newspaper notes. However, the issue can be resolved so that European companies in the next year redeemed more gas than they should under the contract, said the source publication. Analysts at the same time note that the precedents when European buyers have to pay Gazprom for the shortfall, it was not. However, in Russia the company may have difficulty in "knocking out" the debt of European consumers. After all, Gazprom has already made an exception to the rule of "take or pay" for the Ukrainian side, the newspaper said. Recall that the signed in January this year for the period up to 2019 gas contracts between Gazprom and Naftogaz Ukraine contain the condition "take or pay". In the first half of "Naftogaz" almost every month broke the agreement by selecting the gas in smaller than specified, volumes. Thus, the contract provides for delivery of the first quarter of 5 billion cubic meters. m, the second - 10 billion cubic meters. m. "Naftogaz" is imported in the first quarter of 2.8 billion cubic meters. m, the second - about 5.7 billion cubic meters. m. Formally, this gives the right to Gazprom present Naftohaz penalties in the amount that President Yushchenko was valued at $ 5.25 billion "The Europeans are now saying: you will not punish Ukraine, why are you punishing us?" - Complained about the source of publication, close to "Gazprom export". The system of "take or pay" is a legacy of times when the gas industry was in its infancy. Then the liquid spot markets do not exist, and producers in need of long-term contracts with stable prices in order to carry out the huge investments needed to develop new gas fields. In the current circumstances, some experts offer radically revise the current system tsenooobrazovaniya gas. The fact that the financial crisis and downturn in the economy led to a decline in demand for gas. At the same time the supply has increased due to new projects for the extraction of shale gas in North America and start new projects for the production of LNG (liquefied natural gas). Glut in the market brought down the price of gas on spot markets, such as the UK National Balancing Point (NBP) and Zeebrugge in Belgium. In August, the price of gas for delivery in this winter on the NBP dropped to 40 pence per therm from 100 pence per therm in June 2008. European customers who buy gas from companies such as Gazprom ", Sonatrach, StatoilHydro, have not benefited from the reduction in spot prices, because the price of European long-term gas contracts tied to the price of oil, which remains high. Oil rebounded after falling to $ 35 per barrel and now is around $ 80. Now, some representatives of the gas industry in general in favor of the revision of the pricing mechanisms in the contracts with the transition from oil prices to spot market prices. Gazprom also protects linking gas prices to oil prices, since the spot market does not have sufficient traffic to provide better price signals. "NBP turnover of 15 billion cu. M of gas per year, while Gazprom has sold 160 billion cubic meters. M of gas to Europe last year. If we used the NBP, it would be like a tail wagging the dog" - quoted edition of the head of the structuring of contracts and pricing department of the analysis and optimization of Gazprom Export Sergei Komleva.

Brussels. Quiet Bratislava, is the most noisy in the capital of Europe

The published report of the European Agency for the Environment once again confirmed the unhappy fact - about 41 million Europeans living in the largest cities of the continent, every day, forced to endure the noise on the average level of 55 decibels. It would seem that this figure is slightly larger than the volume of human speech at normal conversation should not cause major concern, but that it is becoming a constant background noise of even such a devastating effect on the body, causing serious complications of the cardiovascular system. Nearly four million Europeans live with the noise level of 70 decibels, which is comparable with the conversation already in raised voices. Nearly one million people in the Old World, settled in the vicinity of airports, military bases, etc., are regularly forced to endure the noise level to 75 decibels for example, from the roar of aircraft engines are particularly affected residents of the little Dutch, Germans and Britons. If we talk about the cities of the continent, recognized as the most noisy, then malopochetnoe first place there is Bratislava, the noise stress in which experiences about half the population. Unfavorable European metropolises also recognized Warsaw and the capital of France - Paris. The main source of noise, irreparably affecting the health of the population here is transportation - trams passing over the land branch of the underground, intraurban railways. Oh and, of course, going to take off and landing of low-flying airliners.

Inflation is back in Europe, where it was six months - Eurostat context.

Great Depression - 80 years Growth in consumer prices in 16 countries in the euro zone in November 2009 amounted to 0,6% in annual terms, for the first time since April of this year showing an increase, according to published on Monday an initial assessment of European statistical agency Eurostat. Thus in October, experts from Eurostat, on the contrary, deflation has been recorded in 0,1%. Thus, promulgated on Monday confirmed the statistics of the predictions president of the European Central Bank (ECB) Jean-Claude Trichet, said earlier that inflation in the euro area may resume soon on the background of a gradual economic recovery in Europe. Consumer prices showed a continuous decline since April 2009, under pressure from deflationary forces, including the general decline in consumer demand that is occurring in Europe in connection with the negative impact of the global economic crisis.

Stock markets in Europe closed raznonapravlenno .

Stock markets in Europe on the basis of trading on Wednesday, November 18, changed raznonapravlenno on the background data on the growth of consumer price index in the United States, reinforcing investors' inflation expectations, reported Agence France-Presse. By the closing of the auctions the British index FTSE 100 fell by 0,07% - to a mark of 5,372.10 points. Germanic DAX, on Wednesday rose by 0.29% to 5,795.28 points. The French CAC index on the basis of trades fell by 0,02% - to 3828.16 points. FTSE 100 (Financial Times Stock Exchange 100 Index) - the main UK share index, calculated by the quotations of shares 100 British companies with highest market capitalization, weighted by market capitalization. CAC 40 (Cotation Assistee en Continu) - France's main stock index, is calculated as a weighted average capitalization value stock prices 40 largest companies. DAX 30 (Deutscher Aktienindex) - Germany's main stock index, calculated as an index of stock returns of the 30 largest companies (by market capitalization).

UAE central bank created a new mechanism to support banking liquidity .

Central Bank of the United Arab Emirates announced the creation of an emergency financing mechanism to support bank liquidity in response to the debt problems of Dubai, paralyzing lending and threatening to derail economic recovery. CB also assured that the UAE banking system is now healthier, and its liquidity is higher than a year ago. According to analysts, this move is a preventive measure to stop capital flight and the flight of deposits, when the exchanges reopen after four days of holidays.

Album Boyle may be the most sold in the UK in 2009.

Their debut album, I Dreamed a Dream 48-year-old Scottish singer Susan Boyle, famed throughout the world after taking part in the TV show "Britain is looking for talent, can become a best-selling album in Britain this year, reported Reuters on Tuesday. According to the British online music store HMV, the first day of sales in the UK, along with shipping pre-orders in the shops, went about 150 thousand copies of the album Boyle. The debut album by Susan Boyle went on sale>> Global sales of the album, which also caused a big stir in the music market and the U.S., started on Monday. "Now we are forced to revise its initial estimate of the number of sales in its first week - if we previously had planned to sell 300 thousand copies, this is now number close to 400-thousand meters," - said spokesman HMV. "This album can easily become the best-selling, as well as the fastest-selling in 2009," - added spokesman trading network. The successes of the Scottish singer's debut album can be compared with a post in December last year the album The Circus British group Take That. During the first week it sold nearly 432.5 thousand copies, and all were sold over two million discs. This result allowed The Circus take a 27-place in the list of best-selling album in the world last year. However, as experts note, the album Susan Boyle laid much greater commercial potential than that of Take That, largely due to its enormous popularity in the United States.

"Intermediaries neutralized with an ultimatum to President Ilham Aliyev": Yerevan on the outcome of the meeting in Munich

The presidents of Armenia and Azerbaijan discussed in Munich, the status of Nagorno-Karabakh. This in a conversation with a correspondent of IA REGNUM News said Secretary of the ruling Republican Party of Armenia Eduard Sharmazanov. According to him, the information conveyed and influential Russia's ORT television channel. As noted Sharmazanov, the fact that the media talked about determining the status of Nagorno Karabakh Republic by referendum, indicates that they recognize the solution to the problem based on the principle of self-determination. The MP believes that after solving this issue could be discussed, and others, as they should come to such an agreement, which will be integrated and eliminate the recurrence of conflict in the future. Sharmazanov stressed that this meeting has shown the international community that "Armenia is a more reliable partner than Azerbaijan, whose president on the eve of the meeting made a bellicose statements, apparently having failed to cope with a nervous condition." He stressed that "Armenia is committed to the peaceful resolution of the conflict, but if Azerbaijan thirsts for war, let them remember what culminated in military action launched against the peaceful population of Karabakh." As noted Sharmazanov, a breakthrough that has been mentioned the OSCE Minsk Group co-chairs after the meeting, apparently lies in the fact that the parties agreed to continue peace talks, which effectively neutralized the ultimatum to President Ilham Aliyev. As for complications, which are also recorded intermediaries, according to the deputy, they concluded that the Baku operates principles and speaks a language incomprehensible to the international community. In turn, the head of the parliamentary commission on European integration, representing a coalition of "Prosperous Armenia" Naira Zohrabyan not willing to make predictions about what provided a "breakthrough" and what is the "complexity" of the negotiations, noting that information on this in if necessary, will distribute the country's leadership. Speaking of information, which extended the western media, particularly television station Euronews that during the talks discussed the return of the liberated territories, Zohrabyan noted that the Armenian side, represented by the Foreign Ministry, has repeatedly stated that only discussed the status of Nagorno Karabakh. For the Prosperous Armenia Party, the issue of status is a priority, and after the legal definition of the status of Karabakh can be discussed and other issues. The head office of "Hai Dat and Political Affairs of the Armenian Revolutionary Federation" Faction "Kiro Manoyan drew attention to the difference between the statements the Co-Chairs of the meeting of the joint declaration and the OSCE Minsk, which is closer to reality. He noted that it is difficult to unequivocally state that it was discussed at the talks, but he hoped that the first 2 hours 4-hour meeting, the President of Armenia raised the question of whether to continue talks on the background of the warlike statements voiced on the eve of President of Azerbaijan. According to Manoyan, the Armenian side it is time to give an adequate response to such statements. "Recent statements by Aliyev was not ordinary, it was a direct threat," - he said. In his view, a separate statement the Co-Chairs also pursued the goal is to give Aliyev occasion to say that progress is being made, and no reason to wage a war.

David Karsbol: "I would call this increase false and unfounded".

Each year in December investbank Saxo Bank publishes shocking predictions (or forecasts Incredible ") - is an unusual application to the standard annual forecast Saxo Bank, which collects the most unlikely, unexpected and sometimes really shocking scenario. Before writing regular predictions for 2010 GZT.RU managed to talk with the head of the strategic unit Bank David Karsbolom. David, one of the main issues that concern today, probably, all without exception - can we talk about the end of the world financial crisis and the beginning of the recovery process? I must say that I still raises concern the situation that occurs in the global economy. On the positive trends that we note in the fourth quarter, obviously, they continue in the first quarter of 2010. However, from my point of view, this process - a kind of inertial feedback on a record decline in the economy, as well as unprecedented cash infusion. This conclusion is supported by macroeconomic indicators that we monitor, at least ten leading economies. I would call this increase "a false, unfounded. I hope that he does not lure investors into a trap, because this alleged rise could lead to negative consequences in the distant future. But since I am a strategist and analyst, I try to predict the best that I can, based on the knowledge and data that I have. Most likely, during the year 2010 will be signs of recovery and stabilization. Some economists expressed concerns over the increasing volume of operations carry trade. Could this lead to inflating the next bubble? As you consider whether central banks begin to interfere unnecessarily risky behavior of investors? Central banks are not concerned about this behavior, because they are interested in the fact that they blew bubbles, it is their main task. They are interested in the fact that the festival never ended. For them, much better when inflated bubbles is 60-70% growth, even in a market that really does not sustained. It is important to create a mood in society that people have again started to buy, consume, it looks much more positive in terms of both central banks and bankers, and governments, as well as those responsible for policy decisions. That is absolutely the work and strategy of central banks.

Out up a night race in Switzerland, the Russians had no right to drive cars of this class .

Four young Russians to luxury cars (Lamborghini, Bugatti, Mercedes McLaren, and Porsche Cayenne), who made a Thursday night race on the road from Geneva to Lausanne, and were guilty of a serious accident, had no right to drive cars of this class because of his youth , wrote today, the Swiss press. Owner cabin rental luxury cars Raid Salah contends that such a car as the Bugatti Veyron is impossible to find in the country, it is too rare and too expensive for any of the Swiss interior. In addition, no interior do not dare to pass such machines as young people. To be eligible to drive a racing car, to reach the age of 30 years, and have enough secured credit cards. "I would rather lose a client than I would venture to make a good car in the scrap," - said Reid, Salah, the owner of the Geneva company Select VIP, which specializes in rental of luxury cars. He denies that his company delivered their cars to let young Russians - the participants of the accident. Nevertheless, the police officially confirmed: the four cars involved in the urban rodeo on the night of Thursday to Friday on the way from Geneva to Lausanne between Bellevue and Versoix, three - Mercedes SLR McLaren, Bugatti Veyron, and the Porsche Cayenne Turbo - were put into rental companies to rent luxury cars registered in the cantons of Vaud, Ticino and Aargau. With regard to the Mercedes SLR McLaren, the owner of a car dealership, said: "In Geneva, a company that offers this type of car, but he can not get into all sorts of hands. Obligatory in this case is the minimum age requirement of 30 years of age and previous experience of driving a racing car. In addition, according to eyewitnesses, Mercedes has been modified to such an extent that it is impossible to get a car through the rental agency. The car, which became the main cause of the accident belonged to his driver, who lives in Geneva, wrote Tribune de Geneve. "Lamborghini Murcielago, presumably, the main culprit of an accident, crashed into the Golf, was owned by his driver. Golf, driven by a 70-year-old German pensioner who also belonged to his driver," - said police spokesman Patrick Poole.

Great recession ended

The largest since the Great Depression, the recession ended, but the relatively small cost to consumers in terms of substantial unemployment slow down the economic recovery, according to a study released on Monday. Report of 44 professional researchers of the National Association of Business Economists (NABE) showed that 80 percent of respondents believe that the economy will resume growth after chetyrehkvartalnogo reduction. "Great recession is over," said Association President Lynn Riiser. "The vast majority of business economists believed that the recession is over, but that economic recovery is likely to be more moderate than there were before." The current recession, which began in December 2007 is the longest and deepest in the 1930's. It was caused by the collapse of U.S. real estate market and the global credit crunch. A survey conducted in September, predicts real GDP growth by 2.9 per cent in the second half of this year. Production in 2009 is expected to decline by 2.5 percent and next year will be restored to 2.6 per cent. Most of the expected recovery will be realized by companies that are restructuring their assets after the rapid reduction of unwanted stocks of unsold goods in the conditions of weak demand. Investments in the housing market is also growing, with most experts believe that more than three years of falling real estate market is coming to an end. Real estate prices have reached bottom Approximately two-thirds of respondents believe that property prices reached bottom this year. Also in the survey said that the high real estate prices will not jeopardize the restoration sector. The study predicts that unemployment will increase by 10 percent in the first quarter and decreased by 9.5 percent by the end of 2010. The labor market is expected to return the destroyed crisis workers only to 2012 or later. Weak labor market will continue to affect consumer spending, slowing the recovery. The unemployment rate rose by 9.8 percent in September - 26-year high - from 9.7 percent in August. Weak labor market, together with the weak growth of wages, means that inflation will not impede economic recovery, and that the Fed will not under pressure to increase interest rates. "With an improving credit markets, the U.S. economy can return to the thorough growth in the next year without worrying about rising inflation," said Riiser. The U.S. central bank is likely to keep interest rates near zero until the end of next spring, but may increase it to 1 percent by the end of 2010, reported in the study. Despite signs of recovery in financial markets, the majority of respondents believed that to return to their former positions of the world economy needs a lot of time. Only 29 percent believe that it will happen in the second half of next year. Respondents also expect the U.S. dollar will continue falling in the next two years, but did not believe that this will help reduce the trade deficit of the country, as economic recovery encourages imports. The dollar has lost about 5.8 percent of its value against a basket of currencies this year, largely because of concern about the growing budget deficit and the growth of government expectations that the Federal Government to hold on interest rates at very low levels for a long time.

World economic crisis: Europe delivers ago .

The legendary American investor Warren Buffett once said: "will ebb, and it was then, and it becomes clear who has been swimming naked." Although this piece of wisdom referred to the situation of companies in an economic crisis, it can also be applied to countries, and economies. The situation in Europe makes all the more reason for concern, because the global economic crisis, all the shortcomings and limitations of the European Union were ruthlessly exposed. Indeed, it is clear what primarily Europe lost due to rejection of the constitutional (Lisbon) treaty: their faith in themselves and their own future. America, which is in the midst of the gravest crisis since 1929, opted for a genuine new start by voting for Barack Obama, is in the process of transformation. Disagreements between members of the European Union, on the contrary, worsening with each passing day. Instead of reinventing itself, Europe, under the pressure of the crisis and its own internal contradictions, threatens to revert to protectionism and national egoism of the past. Europe today has a common currency and European Central Bank, which became a bulwark of stability of money in the financial crisis. Any weakening of these two organizations would cause severe damage to common European interests. However, EU member governments in the past few months raises serious doubts that they are aware of this fact. The longer the crisis, the clearer it becomes that in order to protect the Common Market and European integration requires more than just the presence of a single currency and the ECB. In the absence of a common economic and financial policies, at least, between the euro area members, the unity of a common currency - and the very existence of the EU - are under unprecedented threat. Of course, the crisis was under siege almost all countries in the world. However, within the EU and the euro zone there are significant differences and economic imbalances that are reflected, for example, the growing disparity in interest rates. In Italy, Spain, Portugal and Greece is rapidly melting, while stronger economies in northern Europe are doing better, although they are struggling. If this continues, effectively putting an end to the Maastricht criteria and the rising national protectionism in the form of industrial subsidies, the euro will be at serious risk. It is easy to imagine that would mean a drop in the euro for the EU as a whole: a catastrophe of historic proportions. Moreover, the situation began to deteriorate rapidly to the countries of Eastern Europe, who have neither the economic strength nor the political stability of those countries that were in the EU for a long time. Given the exposure of some euro zone countries, such as Austria, this crisis will also have a direct effect on the euro area. To wait and see, therefore, is a bad strategy. There is no reason to believe that the current global economic crisis has bottomed out. So, assuming that it will deteriorate further, Europe will soon face a grim choice: either more affluent and stable economies in the north - especially Europe's largest economy, Germany - will use their greater financial resources to help the weaker euro-zone economies, or the euro would be in danger, and with it the whole project of European integration. Why in this case do not introduce new instruments such as Eurobonds, or create an EU mechanism comparable to the IMF? Each project will certainly be costly - especially Germany - and therefore, not be popular, but the alternatives are even more expensive, in fact, they are not serious alternatives in terms of policy. Officially, no way to bypass the "European economic government" or "enhanced economic coordination" (call it whatever) does not exist. However, in practice it is possible, and therefore do not require treaty change. Unfortunately, it has become clear that the Franco-Germanic engine is needed to ensure that the EU acted in unison, is currently blocked. Despite the assertion that France and Germany share common interests, the facts say otherwise. Almost all strategic aspects of crisis management in the EU, Germany and France are blocking each other, despite the fact that both are doing virtually the same. They think primarily about themselves, but not of Europe, which is thus effectively without leadership. The EU was and remains institutionalized compromise, and must remain so today, in the midst of a global economic crisis. If Germany and France would not solve their differences in a short time, and find a joint strategy to resolve the crisis, they damage themselves, and Europe as a whole. It must never be forgotten that the European Union - a project designed to achieve mutual economic progress. If this economic bond disappears, national interests will prevail, and the project will be torn to shreds. Today's Europe is not suffering from a lack of economic strength, but rather from a lack of political will needed to act together. And it is this problem should begin to fight France and Germany.

GM will dismiss about 10 thousand employees in Europe.

American corporation general Motors intends to reduce from 9 to 10 thousand jobs in the factories in Europe. The statement was made acting chairman of GM in Europe, Nick Reilly, transmits Bi-bi-si. According to the ai, this decline is part of the restructuring of the company, under which general Motors intends to cut costs in Europe by 20-25%. In some countries, GM plans to reduce, not reported, but it is known that the restructuring will be spent over 3 billion euros. Recall just a few days ago, GM announced it would close in the U.S. 81 of Saab. This decision is connected with the sale of the brand Saab Automobile AB Sweden's Koenigsegg Group AB, which specializes in the production of exclusive sports car class. Thus, in the U.S. will continue to work only 137 missions SAAB. How many employees will be dismissed in connection with this reform, the GM is not reported.

Europe's economy.

III. "Answers" The weakening of Russia's position in the "energy dialogue" with the EU is projected in any format change of power. This is due to the fact that for many years "formula of success" of the Kremlin was limited to exchanges of the system of concessions on personal political agreement, "tied" to specific political figures and have a limited shelf life. Increased power through the weakening of the country has become one of the basic technologies of Russia's foreign policy. The only guarantee of its bridge - the existence of the ruling elite of tomorrow's system of public principles, expressing the conditions of existence as an independent country "large space" (State of civilization) and obviously non-negotiable. In the field of international energy policy such principles are: 1. Priority of domestic consumption to export. Russia's position should be that low domestic energy prices - the natural advantage of resource-rich country situated in the vast territory of the cold and, in fact, a form of subsidy today's Russia, its past generations. The internal energy market (especially oil and gas) must be effectively SEPARATE from the influence of external markets as a protected "area of low prices. Only in this case, the increased profitability of the enterprises of the primary sector will not suppress, but to ensure industrial development of the economy. The obligation to keep a certain share of energy in the country is forcing mining companies to establish themselves more surplus value in the manufacturing sector. 2. The priority of energy integration in the post-Soviet space in front of the obligations of European energy integration in. As European integration began with the Franco-Germanic Union Coal and Steel Community, severoevraziyskaya integration of Russia and the allies can be based on an energy pact that is based on - an objective dependence prirubezhnyh countries on Russia's energy pact that infrastructure. The latter should be openly considered as a political tool of the State of Russia, which applies to them, including, in the interests of allied countries. To do this, the status of Russia's allies should be designed as an international legal and binding. From today's Russia's ability to build a consolidated energy policy, especially with Kazakhstan and Belarus is largely dependent upon its independence from the EU and the status as an independent "large space". 3. State monopoly for international energy policy. This is not about foreign trade, namely, the political monopoly, which does not require the full nationalization of the energy sector. In regard to private companies to operate the mechanism of coordination with state partners on sales and prices, as well as all investment projects with foreign partners. With regard to public companies in the fuel and energy sector should operate a formal ban on privatization. The situation in which Gazprom and Rosneft may receive first preference as a public corporation, and then safely use them as private (which is likely in the near future) - should be legally excluded. 4. Exclusive state ownership of mineral resources and raw materials mined. Organization of subsoil use, based on this principle (for the moment the resources extracted in government deposits, are actually owned by mining companies) is the main prerequisite for the system to attract foreign investment in the modernization and development of transit infrastructure and mining, including those based on fixed-term regime of concessions . 5. Diversification energopoliticheskogo partnership. Distribution of Russia's exports of energy among several world centers of power is a condition of independence of the country. European bias of our energy policy should balance the development of the south-east of energy policy should. India, China, Japan and other Asia Pacific countries are vitally interested in the supply of Russian fuel and energy resources and are willing to invest in the relevant infrastructure. Since the principle of diversification of the partnership should be applied to the APR countries themselves, the routes that allow trade with the several States (Angarsk - Nakhodka), politically better for Russia than the lines tightly bind it to a single user (Angarsk - Daqing). 6. Presence of inviolable strategic commodity reserves. Strategic reserve explored deposits, whose development may be authorized only by a special, exclusive of Parliament is important, especially as a factor in healthy social relationships (the transition from the model as the stolen property to the model of property as an inheritance) and to overcome the syndrome of "raw power." At the same time it will strengthen Russia's international standing and its resistance to increasing pressure on the international development of natural resources in the situation of the global struggle for resources. 7. Mastering the Inner East "- or the same thing, the priority of territorial development in Russia before the European energy security. The project integrated infrastructural development of the Russian East will not be just an alternative to "rotational approach" to Siberia as a joint colony of the western world, but one of the breakthrough areas of Russia's civilization in the twenty-first century. And, in particular - one of the main directions of investment profits FEC. Business extractive companies should be in some sense "serfdom", that is, is bound for regional development. In addition to the guarantees of cheap Trans-Siberian direction of internal communications, it will give Russia a chance to take their rightful place in the growing Asia-Pacific region. That is, to become, finally, the great non-European power.

Europe's economy.

6. Creating a new post-Soviet space, "nerossiyskoy" infrastructure of energy supplies in the EU Of the EU's strategy to diversify energy imports implies, as mentioned above, the strategy of containment of Russia in the post-Soviet space, to avoid direct or indirect control on the part of the mining sector and transit infrastructure and adjacent areas. In parallel, the "containment", the EU is building a new regional alliances. Significant in this regard, the role of Ukraine, which, apparently intended to turn the country "cordon sanitaire", which creates transaction costs for Russia "on the way" in Europe, an active mediator "nerossiyskih" energy supplies. Draft multi-gas transport consortium (Russia-Ukraine-Germany), and failed, but following the visit of Yushchenko in Germany, Deutsche Bank offers "Naftogaz Ukraine" a credit line worth about 2 billion euros for the implementation of international projects of the company. Ukraine becomes the EU's trusted "gas operator" on the post-Soviet space. For a start, it will sell Turkmen gas, together with Poland and Germany. Anticipated the imminent establishment of trading houses for sale on the territory of the European Union "gas nerossiyskogo origin", which can be a source of Turkmenistan and Kazakhstan, dissatisfied with re-export monopoly Gazprom, which controls transit routes. Today, the EU believes that this transport problem is feasible, as evidenced by the start of new projects, including gas pipeline, the Caspian and Caucasus. As for their implementation, Russia's control over the transit gas from Central Asia and the Caspian basin to Europe, will be eliminated or minimized. However, experts note that the main factor energopoliticheskogo influence on post-Soviet Russia is not the activity of external forces, and its own system the choice between a model of European energy space and a common energy space in the format Russia - Kazakhstan - Belarus. In the event of a priority focus on "a European" model, Russia loses not only the influence of the former Soviet Union, and leverage themselves panregionalnoy bloc politics (which is exacerbated by a factor of entry into the WTO, narrowing tools of regional economic unions). The common denominator of the above challenges is the consolidated claim the Euro-Atlantic world: Russia's energy potential should not be a factor in its political sovereignty. We do not assume the axiom of manifest hostility of the European and Euro-Atlantic structures in relation to Russia. Rather, this requirement is a consequence of the notorious "doomed to cooperation", which is often said Westernizing elite in Russia. The question, as was said - in determining the conditions of the alliance forced the EU and Russia. In the absence of strategic applications for subjectivity on the part of Russia, the alliance would be colonization, as listed, and provides insights into the vectors pressure. An indicator of "colonial" European integration project for Russia is not the formal status of Russia in the negotiation process, and the host of the elite model of development. One can predict that further "deep integration" in a given line is vital to both sides of modernization of Russia's transit infrastructure will be paid partly vnutrirossiyskim consumer (due to the gradual equalization rates to the level of "European" market), in part - by foreign investors in exchange for access to Russia's oil fields. As a result, on the one hand, the shortage will worsen the gap between the commodity sector and the manufacturing industry, on the other - would be excluded even a formal opportunity to address this gap through mobilization of resources for fuel and energy infrastructure and industrial projects of national importance. In this context, experts noted that the requirement of "internationalization" of the mining industry and the liberalization of domestic gas prices - important to our partners not only as a factor of competitive advantage, but as a systemic factor in deterring domestic consumption in Russia. The suppression of energy-intensive industrial growth in Russia - a natural imperative for Europe's energy security and an integral part of the philosophy of the common European home, in which Russia belongs to the role stokehold. Kochegarka powerful, but too cumbersome to spend resources to "heating" of all its excess space (hence, in particular, and the requirement of non-development of Siberia and the transition to the shift method of mining). Thus, embedding in energopolitichesky format "big Europe" suggests the possibility for Russia to obtain raw materials rents, but obviously it impossible for certain types of investments: in the industrial growth, energy-intensive development of the regions, the expansion in prirubezhnyh zones. As the main advantage of this model of dependent development is called, as a rule, high level of security: Europe is interested in the integrity and stability of energy supplier for all of it "during transit. However, the integrity of the transit corridors is not identical to the integrity of the society and country. On the contrary, the project evrozavisimogo development means loss of connectivity to Russia - Social (priority foreign markets over domestic distinguishes outward oriented "growth points" of a degrading social landscape) and territorial (regional integration of heterogeneous Russia in the European space "is destined to be" different rates "). In the limit, logistics of supply does not prevent vzaimoizolyatsiya regional societies, as well as the integrity of pipeline routes does not preclude the "cutting" Trans-Siberian railway route. Fragmented Russia around a single system of pipes - this is the only possible model of the eastern wing of the "big Europe". This image corresponds to the low standard of European modernization. Moreover, it is the "European choice" (understood as the course "European integration" on its system conditions) makes Russia a country with high quality non-European level and type of development. This statement is paradoxical only at first glance. Some theorists "Wider Europe", indicating that outside the European core (where are those limits - theme of a separate debate), the principle of integration is not the similarities and differences in the level of economic development, ensuring their complementarity. Price "European choice" in the energy sphere, as we see, is very high: loss of energopoliticheskogo sovereignty, preservation of the commodity model and the fragmentation of the country. The problem is that at least as great today is the willingness of the ruling elite to pay that price. According to expert estimates, expressed at the seminar, during the last years of the second legislative term, Putin significantly grows the likelihood of far-reaching concessions on many painful for our country's issues. Including, for energy sovereignty. Part of the President's, and increasingly, representatives of the north-western elite, seem to see themselves as part of the internationalized corporate infrastructure control energy flows Russia - the EU and, consequently, act as lobbyists of its internationalization. On the other hand, a package of energy requirements may well be played as the price of legitimizing the new government in the West orange revolution scenario. And these two lines of the threat does not exclude, but rather complement each other. Moreover, the draft energy desuverenizatsii Russia under the auspices of European integration could eventually become the main point of consensus okolovlastnogo and orange segments serving the elite. That is a key to soft transit authorities with security guarantees (formula life + property) for some and guarantees the legitimacy for others. Therefore, it is essential that the change of power in Russia, first of all, do not require additional legitimacy from the outside, that is passed through the most democratic scenario, and, secondly, to withdraw to the forefront of free evrozavisimosti social-patriotic elite.

Europe's economy.

5. Updating the "right of peoples to self-determination" for the erosion of State sovereignty over mineral resources In the European legal space, which aims to join Russia, "the right to self-determination" is interpreted, including as the right of indigenous people to natural resources in its areas of resettlement. During the discussion, found confirmation of the hypothesis put forward by experts from the INS that in the hands of the EU principles of self-determination (rashly accepted Moscow) can become a "master key" energopoliticheskogo Russia's sovereignty and that the threat has not yet evaluated sufficiently Russia's power. Already, through Finland, Estonia, Hungary, develops the theme of the rights of the Finno-Ugric peoples of Russia and the Sami, including their rights to the subsoil. Moreover, the "denial" of the rights of the Finno-Ugric peoples in Russia have recently devoted a special resolution the European Parliament. This theme is developed implicitly and in a sense, kept in store, but at some point it may be sharply put into an information agenda and the agenda of official relations, Russia - the EU.

Europe's economy.

3. Opposition to the development of Russian energy supplies in the Asia-Pacific region. This resistance is indirect and occurs mainly through domestic lobbyists. His motives are obvious. First, the EU is objectively interested in maintaining the current total evrozavisimosti Russia's energy sector, which is currently physically unable to sell the same gas wherever it may be, except Europe. Secondly, the West and particularly the United States are interested in a strategic containment of the growing economies of China, India and other Asia Pacific countries. The problem of power shortages in these economies, becoming a "global factory" in the global division of labor remains an important factor controlling their development of the powers in control (or seeking to control) force field of global energy policy. According to participants, the U.S. side during an informal coordination of positions failed, first, to make a principled refusal to Russia's side of the pipeline construction in China under the project "East pipeline, secondly - to direct Russia's LNG market for U.S. technology cycle and the U.S. route. 4. "Shift" approach to regional energy producers in Eastern Russia At least most troubling is that Russia's stake in this game is not just a problem of diversification of its own energy policy, but the problem of infrastructure development in Siberia and the Far East and the problems of connectivity and communication of the country. Experts, lobbying for the assimilation of European integration, has openly spoken about "minimizing" burdensome economic infrastructure of Siberia, created in Soviet times as an objective condition "European choice". In the logic of this choice, the alternative to "imperial" policy development "challenging spaces" should be a rotational approach and as a consequence - the international security guarantees Trans-Uralian territories and the international regime to use their resources. Recently, this scenario is beginning to penetrate from the information field in real politics. Siberia and the Far East today "cut off" from the European part of Russia following the example of Kaliningrad. In the course of the delimitation of borders with Kazakhstan, hastily carried out under pressure to the EU, was not even raised the question of the status of the Trans-Siberian station, passing through the territory of Kazakhstan. At the moment, only the good will of President Nazarbayev separates Russia from the "cutting" of the axial artery of communication "visa barriers".

Europe's economy.

2. The requirement of balancing domestic prices for gas and other energy resources to the level of European market. Despite the official optimism about Russia's part, this sore point in relations with the EU is not closed and will not be closed even with the end of the WTO negotiations. Essentially, it is "sewn" into the very model of relations psevdointegratsionnuyu Russia - the EU, expressed in the concept of "common spaces". One of the parameters of a common energy space (as part of a "common European economic space") is an objective system of pricing. Up until the very concept of "shared spaces" will not be reviewed, inclined to the negotiating pressure European bureaucrats will methodically go back to the question of the gradual harmonization of energy pricing as part of "greater Europe". EU wants to avoid the "energy dumping", because that Russia's industrial consumers have access to the gas, whose price is five times lower than the export level. Thus, Russia's state subsidizes its industry, to the detriment of international competition. " Significant share of Russia's exports to the EU belongs to the energy-intensive goods, such as metals and chemical products. And the EU wants them were more expensive. In print leaking unofficial information that the purpose of negotiations with the EU is a gas price of 45-60 dollars. per thousand cubic meters for Russia's industry. As a result, Russia's energy producers would receive more revenue for investment in its new export projects, and competition for the European steel and chemical industries would fall. Recall that at the moment (estimated GHG "IARC"), Russia's steel industry is subsidized at $ 800 million due to cheap electricity, a further $ 1 billion - at the expense of gas and $ 150 million - at the expense of existing duties on exports of scrap metal. Total subsidy metallurgists is today 15-17% of revenue received by companies. Now inside Russia, consumers buy from Gazprom energy on the Government-established price - about $ 38 per thousand cubic meters. Experts estimate that Gazprom, the rise in prices, with free pricing would be around 30% - to almost 50 dollars per thousand cubic meters, which roughly coincides with the interim requirements of the EU. Vice-President of OAO Gazprom and Director general of Gazexport, Alexander Medvedev, has expressly recognized that the protocol on accession to the WTO, signed by Russia and the European Union, provides a precise timetable for the tariff increase for domestic gas consumers. In an interview with French newspaper La Tribune, he said that "our goal is to achieve by 2010 the price of gas at 60 dollars per one thousand cubic meters. Meters of gas."